It is a permanent method of contraception used by the male partner when the couple is sure that they have completed their family and would not want any more children in future.
1) Male sterilization is safer as compared to the woman undergoing permanent tubal surgery (Tubectomy). The reason is that a woman’s reproductive organs are situated inside her tummy and her surgery needs to be done under full anaesthesia. There are small risks during surgery due to the anaesthetic drugs and instruments being put inside her abdominal cavity.
2) Vasectomy is performed under local anaesthesia and is very safe. There is no need for a hospital stay and people are usually discharged within an hour or two after the surgery.
3) The surgery involves disconnecting the tubes carrying the sperms from testes towards the penile area (vas deference). Usually stitches are not required but sometimes one or two very fine stitches are applied near the junction of scrotum and penis, which do not require removal later on. The process needs to be followed on both sides of scrotum. Pain killers and sometimes antibiotics are given for the next three days. Rarely there could be swelling in the scrotal area suggesting bleeding or infection inside. If ice packing does not help one should see the doctor immediately.
4) After the surgery, sperms still remain in the rest of the body for the next three months if not ejaculated. The best time to discontinue use of an additional contraception is when a sperm test clearly shows absence of active sperms in the semen. Till then the couple is advised to use an additional contraceptive otherwise there could still be an accidental pregnancy.
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5) Male sterilisation has no effect on erection or ejaculatory function. A vasectomised man can enjoy sex in the same way as before, and produces secretions in the same way as before. The only difference is that these seminal secretions now do not contain sperms in them. The overall volume, colour and consistency of secretions remain the same. In fact, many couple enjoy sex better after sterilisation because the fear of pregnancy is not there and they do not have to look for emergency stop gap arrangements to avoid pregnancy.